To be useful as a screening test for depression following childbirth, therefore, a. The present study established severity cutoff scores for the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds based on a widely used depression symptom severity measure, the beck depression inventory bdi background. It has been utilized among numerous populations including u. Sagovsky the edinburgh postnatal depression scale has been developed to assist primary care health professionals to detect mothers suffering from postnatal depression. As you have recently had a baby, we would like to know how you are feeling. Kl wisner, bl perry, cm piontek, postpartum depression n engl j med vol 347, no 3, july 18, 2002 194199.
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds the epds was developed for screening postpartum women in outpatient, home visiting settings, or at the 6 8 week postpartum examination. It is a selfreport questionnaire now used in many countries to screen for postnatal depression. After extensive pilot interviews a validationstudy was. This study aimed to further contribute to this knowledge by comparing assessment of possible depression in fathers and associated. Postpartum major depression is a disorder that is often unrecognized and must be distinguished from baby blues. Microsoft word edinburg postnatal depression scale 1 author. As you are having a baby, we would like to know how you are feeling. Pdf screening for antenatal depression with the edinburgh. Pdf the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds in. Please underline the answer which comes closest to how you have felt in the past 7 days, not just how you feel today. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale1 epds adapted for fathers. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale english form. Edinburgh postpartum depression screening tool the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is the screening instrument most commonly used to identify women with postpartum mood disorders. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds english pdf edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds spanish pdf edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds scoring instructions pdf sample signature page for new mothers re.
Links to the english and multilingual resources can be accessed further below. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a questionnaire originally developed to assist in identifying possible symptoms of depression in the postnatal period. Interpreting the edinburgh postpartum depression scale for refugees tiffany smith physician assistant candidate 2016, university of southern california genational medical fellowship primary care leadership program scholar, summer 2014 abstract. Screening for depression during pregnancy with the. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, epds tip sheets created by lilly irvinvitela, 2014 on behalf of uw milwaukee child welfare partnership and wi dept. Center on the developing child, harvard university edinburgh postnatal depression scale tip sheet analyze data to see if there are any trends. It also includes some information about other postnatal mental health problems. The edinburgh postpartum depression scale epds is a selfadministered examination that is. Clinical tools for your practice the postpartum stress.
Cox jl, holden jm, sagovsky r 1987 detection of postnatal depression. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is the most widely used tool to detect postnatal depression, which can also detect depression during. I have been able to laugh and see the funny side of things 0 as much as i always could 1 not quite so much now 2 definitely not so much now 3 not at all 2. Variability in use of cutoff scores and formats on the. During the pilot study, the overwhelming conclusion of participating obgyn practices was that the epds was useful. The edinburgh post natal depression scale epds manual. Edinburgh postpartum depression screening tool responses are scored 0, 1, 2, or 3 according to the severity of the symptoms. The scale must be copied in full and all copies must acknowledge the following source. Sagovsky thedevelopmentof a 10item selfreportscaleepdsto screenfor postnataldepression in the community is described. Given the peak times for postpartum depression specifically, the edinburgh scale would be appropriately integrated at the 1, 2, 4, and 6month visits. This is a 10item, assessment tool that is valid and reliable for detecting postpartum depression. Edinburgh perinatalpostnatal depression scale epds. Click the download button to view the edinburgh postnatal depression scale resource.
About the edinburgh postnatal depression scale the epds was developed in the 1980s by john cox, a consultant psychiatrist in the united kingdom, and his colleagues jeni holden and ruth sagovsky. These limitations may also be relevant to a consideration of the zung depression scale zung, 1965 for use in the puerperium. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds was developed to assist primary care health professionals in detecting mothers suffering from postpartum depression ppd. Developed as the edinburgh postnatal depression scale and validated for use in both pregnancy and the postnatal period to assess for possible depression and anxiety. Recent studies have shown that approximately 48% of adolescents develop postpartum depression. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox, j m. Paternal perinatal depression assessed by the edinburgh. Emotional changes after giving birth espanol spanish bilingual pdf. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds taken from the british journal of psychiatry june, 1987, vol. After extensive pilot interviews a validation study was carried out on 84 mothers using the research diagnostic criteria for depressive illness obtained from goldbergs standardised psychiatric interview. Diagnostic accuracy of the edinburgh postnatal depression. Ppd affects up to 20% of postnatal women and up to 10% of pregnant women. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale pdf sample letter to patients doctor re. Background the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a selfreported scale designed to detect postnatal depression, and also has been validated in multiple countries for its use during.
Several studies have used the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds, developed to screen new mothers, also for new fathers. Pdf on jan 1, 2014, hillary l mcbride and others published the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds. Detection of postnatal depression development of the 10item edinburgh postnatal depression scale j. The total score is determined by adding the scores of each of the 10 questions.
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds guidelines. This is not intended to provide a diagnosis only trained health professionals should do this. The development of a 10item selfreport scale epds to screen for postnatal depression in the community is described. The epds is not a diagnostic tool and must always be used in conjunction with clinical assessment. Screening with the edinburgh postnatal depression scale may be appropriate. The spanish version was developed at the university of iowa based on earlier. The use of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale in research to explore the relationship between antenatal and postnatal dysphoria j cox j holden eds perinatal psychiatry. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale tip sheet edinburgh. Share this share on facebook facebook share on twitter twitter web content viewer. Edinburgh perinatalpostnatal depression scale epds for use between 28 32 weeks in all pregnancies and 6 8 weeks postpartum name. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds 1 the questionnaire below is called the edinburgh postnatal depression scale edps the edps was developed to identify women who may have postpartum depression. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale1 epds adapted for. About this resource about this resource 1 this is a new resource which collates copies of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds that have been translated into languages other than english and. Antenatal depressive symptoms, a history of major depressive disorder, or.
The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox, j. Development of the 10item edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Interpreting the edinburgh postpartum depression scale for refugees. Screening for depression during pregnancy with the edinburgh depression scale edds journal of reproductive and infant psychology.
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale mcpap for moms. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a set of 10 screening questions that can indicate whether a parent has symptoms that are common in women with depression and anxiety during pregnancy and in the year following the birth of a child. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is the most widely used tool to detect postnatal depression, which can also detect depression during the antenatal period. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds since you are either pregnant or have recently had a baby, we want to know how you feel. It also has adequate sensitivity and specificity to identify depressive symptoms in the antenatal period and is useful in identifying symptoms of anxiety. This is a 10item questionnaire which has been validated in many different populations and is available in almost every language. If you have a score of or above, please call for an appointment. Cox 1990 also known as the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox, j m. Some women with postpartum major depression may experience suicidal ideation or obses. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds it has been recommended that healthcare professionals working with the perinatal population use the epds as an integral part of their assessment for depression. Edinburgh perinatalpostnatal depression scale epds scoring guide 1. Please underline the answer which best describes how you have felt in the past 7 days, not just how you feel today. The 10item edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is the most commonly used screening tool in pregnancy and postpartum.
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale 1 epds postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a screening questionnaire that can indicate whether a new mother has symptoms that are commonly seen in women with depression during. The epds is a widely used screening tool to identify clinically significant levels of depression in postpartum women traditionally. Holden, r sagovsky 1987 this 10 item self report measure is designed to screen women for symptoms of emotional distress during pregnancy and the postnatal period. To download information click on the selected language. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox.
Successfully screening for perinatal depression would require a screening tool with demonstrated accuracy. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds this document is available in english as well as in languages other than english. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds has been developed to assist primary care health professionals to detect mothers suffering from postnatal depression. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale1 epds adapted for fathers postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds guidelines postpartum depression ppd is one of the most common complications of the postpartum period. The identification of severity ranges for the edinburgh. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds calculator. Understanding postnatal depression this booklet explains the possible causes of postnatal depression pnd, what signs to look out for, what might help and what support is available. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale 783 appear to lack face validity. For the purposes of this toolkit, the edinburgh postnatal depression scale was selected due to its high specificity, high predictive value and its validation in numerous countries and languages. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale may be photocopied by individual researchers or clinicians for their own use without seeking permission from the publishers.
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