Excitonpolaritons in microcavities hybrid metalsemiconductor structures superconductivity mediated by a bose einstein condensate of excitons excitonelectron interaction potential bardeenpines model electronelectron attraction and repulsion gap equation bogolyubov approach to the solution of gap equation. In this chapter we address a complex set of optical phenomena linked to the spin dynamics of exciton polaritons in semiconductor microcavities. Cavity polaritons by alexey kavokin overdrive rakuten. In 2018 alexey kavokin has joined the westlake university hangzhou, china as a chair professor and director of the international center for polaritonics. Download pdf theoretical studies of the optical properties. Barclay2,3, 1contributed equally to this work 2department of physics and astronomy and institute for quantum science and technology, university of calgary, calgary, ab, t2n 1n4, canada 3national institute for nanotechnology, edmonton, ab, t6g 2m9, canada. Exciton polaritons in single and coupled microcavities.
Rabi splitting in quantum well qw embedded in microcavities under strong coupling condition is modeled by a timedependent transfer matrix model. The glossary of microcavities is addressed to a nonspecialist who is searching for the qualitative understanding of the physics of microcavities or to any reader who has no time to go through the entire book but needs a simple and concise answer to one of speci. Lake, 1,2,3matthew mitchell, yasmeen kamaliddin,2 and paul e. The physics of semiconductor microcavities wiley online. Optical microcavities storing light for a long time in a small volume microcavity characteristics. Since 2014 he is a head of the quantum polaritonics group at the russian quantum center. Polariton lasing by excitonelectron scattering in semiconductor microcavities g. Spin dynamics of exciton polaritons in microcavities shelykh 2005. Download theoretical studies of the optical properties of photonic crystal and microcavity based structures ebook pdf or read online books in pdf, epub, and mobi format. Abstractfollowing the initial success of cavity quantum electrodynamics in atomic systems, strong coupling between light and matter excitations is now achieved in several solidstate setups.
Recent citations tunable openaccess microcavities for solidstate quantum photonics and polaritonics feng li et alsqueezedout technique to prepare highquality pbbrbased layered. Given the sheer diversity of materials, wavelengths, cavity configurations, and applications being investigated, the organised overview provided by dr. Kavokin born 7 march 1970 in leningrad is a russian and french theoretical. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. The spectral response of qw under the influence of excitonic effects is simulated by infinite impulse digital filters. We consider a model microcavity where a quantum well with a two dimen. We describe experiments for single cavities where the strong coupling nature of the excitations manifests itself. Devices based on optical microcavities are already indispensable for a wide range of applications and studies. Microcavities series on semiconductor science and technology. Estimating the conditions for polariton condensation in. It is shown that the splitting energy obtained from the proposed model match well with that deduced from the reflection spectrum. Potential applications of the boseeinstein condensation and superfluidity of excitonpolaritons are discussed. Both layers are brought su ciently close to each other to assure e cient coupling between the electrons and excitonpolaritons.
The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. The name microcavity stems from the fact that it is often only a few micrometers thick, the spacer layer. This is accompanied by a significant change in the degree of circular polarization and the. Paperback is updated to reflect state of the art, and a new index is provided. Cavitypolariton dispersion and polarization splitting in. Design and characterization of high optical quality ingaas.
Aug 14, 2003 optical microcavities confine light to small volumes by resonant recirculation. Single quantum dots in microcavities single quantum dots in microcavities laussy, f. The polaritons are thus directly coupled to external photons, and as a result polaritonrelated phenomena can be studied directly. The judiciously selected chapters cover all the key themes and will provide an invaluable and accessible reference to. Roomtemperature excitonpolaritons with twodimensional ws2. These 2dimensional quasiparticles exhibit local condensation or kosterlitzthouless phase transition towards superfluidity, allowing for polariton lasing at temperatures that could be higher than 300 k.
In those systems, the possibility to engineer quantum emitters and resonators with very different characteristics has allowed access to novel nonlinear and nonperturbative phenomena of both. In a microcavity, the photon states are also quantised along z, and the correspondence in kspace between qw exciton and photon states, and the strong coupling limit, is restored. Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus. Propagating, directionally dependent, polarized spincurrents are created in an anisotropic planar semiconductor microcavity, via rayleigh scattering of optically injected polaritons in the optical spin hall regime. First textbook covering fully the physics of microcavities. We report the formation of microcavity polaritons in a dielectric microcavity embedded with solution processed zno nanoparticles. Click download or read online button to theoretical studies of the optical properties of photonic crystal and microcavity based structures book pdf for free now.
This monograph summarizes the current state of the art of research on exciton polaritons in microcavities. Electron and photon confinement in semiconductor nanostructures is one of the most active areas in solid state research. Polariton laser and polariton superfluidity in microcavities. Estimating the conditions for polariton condensation in organic thinfilm microcavities. Malpuech, cavity polaritons elsevier, amsterdam, 2003. Evidence of strong coupling between the excitons and cavity photons is demonstrated via anticrossing in the dispersion of the polariton states. Polariton lasing due to the excitonelectron scattering in. Vortex and halfvortex dynamics in a nonlinear spinor. We present the quantum theory of nonlinear emission of photons by such structures. Microcavities form a base for fabrication of optoelectronic devices of xxi century, in particular polariton lasers based on a new physical principle with respect to conventional lasers proposed by einstein in 1917. Figure 2 shows the equilibrium distribution function under continuous pumping for a. Barclay2,3, 1contributed equally to this work 2department of physics and astronomy and institute for quantum science and technology, university of calgary, calgary, ab, t2n 1n4, canada.
Free spectral range fsr free spectral range or is frequency wavelength spacing between adjacent resonances 1 2 1 2 mm m mm c nd nd s z o o n t d r the smaller d, the larger. Alexey kavokin is a chair of nanophysics and photonics at the university of southampton since 2005. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. He also acts a head of the spin optics laboratory at the state university of saintpetersburg. This allows polaritons to efficiently relax from the bottleneck 24 region to the lowest energy state once free electrons are introduced into the active region either via doping or by photoexcitation. Polariton condensate coherence in planar microcavities in. Spacetime could be seen as an analog of a superfluid and elementary particles as. Baumberg3 1infmdepartment of electrical engineering, university of rome tor vergata, via di tor vergata 110i003 roma, italy. Microcavity polaritons are the quasiparticles arising from the strongcoupling between quantum well qw excitons and photons. Microcavities series on semiconductor science and technology 16 kavokin, alexey, baumberg, jeremy j. Their large excitonbinding energy leads to stable exciton formation at room temperature, narrow absorption peaks and high photoluminescence quantum yields 7,8,9,10,11.
Transition metal dichalcogenides tmdcs have received increased attention due to the ability to produce large, atomically flat monolayer domains with intriguing optical properties 1,2,3,4,5,6. Osa formation of microcavity polaritons in zno nanoparticles. Baumberg3 1infmdepartment of electrical engineering, university of rome tor vergata, via di tor vergata 110i003 roma, italy 2lasmea, cnrsuniversite clermontii blaise pascal 24 avenue des landais, 63177 aubiere cedex, france. After the first observation of the strong coupling regime 3 in microcavities. Professor alexey kavokin physics and astronomy university of. Since their first observation polaritons have attracted a great deal of attention as they open the solidstate up to investigations into a wide range of phenomena such as condensation, 1 1. However, along z the photon has a finite lifetime due to leakage through the mirrors. Optical microcavities are structures that enable confinement of lightto microscale volumes. Aug 31, 2006 read single quantum dots in microcavities, proceedings of spie on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Excitons coupled to light in microcavities form excitonpolaritons polaritons having very light effective masses. Oct 20, 2006 electron and photon confinement in semiconductor nanostructures is one of the most active areas in solid state research. Kavokin born 7 march 1970 in leningrad is a russian and french theoretical physicist and writer. Free spectral range fsr free spectral range or is frequency wavelength spacing between adjacent resonances 1 2 1 2 mm m mm c nd nd s z o o n t d r the smaller d, the larger the free spectral range. This volume covers a new and rapidly developing research field in physics.
Recent work on strong coupling excitonpolariton phenomena in single and coupled microcavities is presented. The theoretical formulation is based on semiclassical theory. In planar gaas microcavities in a magnetic field up to 5 t perpendicular to the structure growth plane, under conditions of resonant pulsed pumping to a point close to the inflection point of the lower dispersion curve, zeeman splitting of the spin sublevels of the polariton condensate is observed. Excitation of vortices in semiconductor microcavities. Volume 32 of the series addresses one of the most rapidly developing research fields in physics. Single quantum dots in microcavities, proceedings of spie. Author links open overlay panel alexey kavokin guillaume malpuech fabrice p. Chois excellent handbook of optical microcavities is particularly timely. This book addresses the large variety of optical phenomena taking place in confined solid state structures.
The energy of singlecavity modes is determined by the. Modeling of rabi splitting in quantum well microcavities. In this way, phonons are replaced by excitations of an exciton. Exciton polaritons in microcavities new frontiers daniele. Request pdf microcavities the rapid development of microfabrication and. Polariton condensate coherence in planar microcavities in a. Vortices and topological excitations play a crucial role in our understanding of the universe, recurring in the fields of subatomic particles, quantum fluids, condensed matter, and nonlinear optics and being involved in fluid dynamics and phase transitions ranging up to the cosmologic scale.
In 2004 two groups have reported observation of the strong coupling regime in 3d microcavities with single quantum dots qd. Microcavities series on semiconductor science and technology 16. The rapid development of microfabrication and assembly of nanostructures has opened up many opportunities to miniaturize structures that confine light, producing unusual and extremely interesting optical properties. Optical microcavities are powerful platforms widely applied in quantum information and integrated photonic circuits, among which the open.
Confining light in small structures called microcavities produces new devices which exploit the quantum physics of light. The physics of semiconductor microcavities wiley online books. An optical microcavity or microresonator is a structure formed by reflecting faces on the two sides of a spacer layer or optical medium, or by wrapping a waveguide in a circular fashion to form a ring. At the end of the 20th century, microcavities have attracted attention due to the discovery of a strong excitonlight coupling regime allowing for the formation of superposition lightmatter quasiparticles. Grandjean, roomtemperature polariton lasing in semiconductor microcavities, phys. Optical microcavities confine light to small volumes by resonant recirculation. Polariton lasers are devices producing monochromatic and coherent light. The former type is a standing wave cavity, and the latter is a traveling wave cavity. Kavokin, light reflection from quantum well, quantum wire and quantum dot structures. The universal importance of these structureshas made them indispensable to a wide range of fields.
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